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Noxious Weed
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Musk Thistle
Musk Thistle
Overview
Musk thistle normally requires two years to complete its life cycle (i.e. biennial or winter annual).
Occasionally, the plant completes its life cycle in one growing season (i.e. summer annual).
The typical biennial musk thistle exhibits itself the first year in the from of a rosette, a cluster of tightly packed leaves laying flat on the ground. Rosettes vary in diameter from a few inches to three feet.
Musk thistle overwinters as a rosette.
During the rosette stage (either fall or spring) musk thistle is most susceptible to chemical control.
In its second year of growth, the musk thistle plant will leave the rosette stage as its stem elongates (bolts) toward the mature, flowering plant.
Chemical control is less effective during the bolted stage and chemical susceptibility continues to decline as the plant reaches maturity.
The leaves of musk thistle are deeply lobed (segmented), hairless, and are dark green with a light green mid-rib.
A silver-gray leaf margin is characteristic of each spine-tipped lobe.
The leaf base extends down the stem to give the plant a winged appearance.
Musk thistle is the first of the Kansas thistles to bloom in the spring.
Flowering begins in mid-May and continues through early July.
Each head consists of many tightly packed rose to purple colored flowers encased in a series of spine-tipped, green bracts.
The terminal (uppermost) head is 1 1/2 - 3 inches in diameter, solitary, and generally bent over or nodding.
The mature plant is generally branched, with lower branch producing one or more heads.
Flowering begins with the terminal head and progresses downward.
Musk thistle heads are distinguished by their "powder puff" shape.
Information referenced from "MUSK THISTLE A Noxious Weed in Kansas" published by the Kansas State Board of Agriculture Plant Health Division.